
From the President
Reflecting on Title IX
A half century ago, amid an 
ongoing campaign against 
gender discrimination, one of 
the most important pieces of 
civil rights legislation in American history 
emerged. The profound changes Title 
IX has helped to bring about, including 
dramatically increasing the number 
of women completing postsecondary, 
graduate, and professional degrees, 
have greatly benefited our University 
community and society as a whole. 
These contributions have been 
felt everywhere, but especially in the 
legislation’s important impact on women’s 
athletics. 
Title IX and women’s athletics were 
established at the University of Minnesota 50 years ago this academic year. 
Women’s athletics began through the 
physical education department in 1971, 
which received a budget of $5,000 
from the University’s Board of Regents 
reserve fund. Soon thereafter, swimming 
and diving were established as the first 
official women’s varsity intercollegiate 
sport, and over the next 29 years, the 
University added 12 women’s varsity 
sports, most recently rowing in 2000. 
Collectively, Gopher women’s athletic 
excellence has yielded seven national 
titles, 64 conference championships, and 
16 individual national championships, and 
most recently, a women’s volleyball Final 
Four—in addition to the broad range 
of meaningful educational and cocurricular opportunities provided for female 
student-athletes. 
Over time, heroes have emerged that 
exemplify the Gopher Way, with facilities 
that bear their names: the Jean K. Freeman Aquatic Center (swimming & diving), 
Ridder Arena (women’s hockey), Elizabeth 
Lyle Robbie Stadium (soccer), Irene Claudia Kroll Boathouse (rowing), and 
Jane Sage Cowles Stadium (softball). 
These important recognitions and 
achievements also add great depth to the 
longstanding impact of women at the U 
of M, from Helen Mar Ely, our first woman 
graduate in 1875; Grammy Award winner 
Libby Larsen; Civil Rights trailblazer Josie 
Johnson, our first Black female Regent; 
Professor Karen Ashe, who developed the 
first mouse model showing Alzheimer’s 
disease symptoms; Lucy Dunne, who in 
2013 developed a high-tech glove for 
firefighters that can scan for obstacles 
that are difficult to see in smoky rooms; 
and Sara Evans, a trailblazer in the field 
of women’s history who helped form the 
nation’s first major in women’s studies at 
the U of M, among many others. 
While we have come a long way, we recognize there is still much progress to be made. But we can also appreciate where we are today as we celebrate this Title IX anniversary. And as we step into our next half century together, we can recommit to our University’s ongoing promise to ensure equal opportunity for all.
